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assay Microbiology Aspiration fluid Intraoperative fluid and tissue Sonication (CFU/mL) – All cultures negative No growth Positive culture Single positive culture > 1 of any organism – ≥ 2 positive samples with the same organism > 50 of any organism Histology HPF at 400× magnification Negative Presence of ≥ 5 neutrophils

biological signs with supportive findings at neuroimaging. The most frequent neonatal signs are hepatosplenomegaly (60%), microcephaly (53%), jaundice (67%), petechiae (76%), and at least one neurological abnormality (68%). Laboratory abnormalities include increased liver transaminases (83%), thrombocytopenia (77%), hyperbilirubinemia (69%), hemolysis (51%), and elevated cerebrospinal fluid proteins

biological signs with supportive findings at neuroimaging. The most frequent neonatal signs are hepatosplenomegaly (60%), microcephaly (53%), jaundice (67%), petechiae (76%), and at least one neurological abnormality (68%). Laboratory abnormalities include increased liver transaminases (83%), thrombocytopenia (77%), hyperbilirubinemia (69%), hemolysis (51%), and elevated cerebrospinal fluid proteins

biological signs with supportive findings at neuroimaging. The most frequent neonatal signs are hepatosplenomegaly (60%), microcephaly (53%), jaundice (67%), petechiae (76%), and at least one neurological abnormality (68%). Laboratory abnormalities include increased liver transaminases (83%), thrombocytopenia (77%), hyperbilirubinemia (69%), hemolysis (51%), and elevated cerebrospinal fluid proteins

assay (ELISA), with sensitivity and specificity reported as high as 97%.62,69 However, alpha-defensin may have a false-positive result in the setting of metallosis and inflammatory arthropathy. Therefore some authors report limited utility of the alpha-defensin immunoassay in routine testing and advocate