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subchondral bone mantles in OI tend to be thin and possess few trabeculae, the use of cemented components is recommended.52 Moreover, flexion and extension balancing may be complicated given that knee instability is common (up to 56%) in this patient population.53 The use of constrained

subchondral failure.3,4 In this chapter, we discuss the different etiologies of ONFH, diagnosis and classification systems, nonoperative management, indications for total hip arthroplasty

subchondral bone Bone 2018;111: 9-22. 50. Zhang Y & Jordan JM. Epidemiology of osteoarthritis Clin Geriatr Med 3, 2010;26: 355-369. 51. Srikanth VK, Fryer JL, Zhai G, Winzenberg TM, Hosmer D & Jones G. A meta-analysis of sex differences prevalence, incidence

subchondral cysts. Radiographs can also demonstrate the degree of ONFH, hip dysplasia, or decreased bone quality of the proximal femur.9,10 Once a patient has been indicated as a reasonable candidate for THA, the surgeon must decide which approach, implants, and technology will be used

subchondral bone, and cartilage of patients with OA, confirming their important roles in OA pathogenesis.11 • Fig. 10.1Osteoarthritis and obesity. The interconnected flow chart illustrates aging contributes to increased adiposity, mechanical wear, inflammation, cartilage aging, and muscle atrophy, which are associated with osteoarthritis. Aging features