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cruciate ligament reconstruction performed in a university-affiliated hospital.10 Page 173For cTKA after ligament reconstruction, the biggest challenges are difficulty in exposure and the ability to obtain a balanced knee in light of ligamentous imbalances.11 Retained hardware from prior anterior

anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury has also been shown to predispose patients to PF OA. Culvenar et al. performed a review in 2016 of the prevalence of PF symptoms after ACL reconstruction

reconstruction Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol Orthop Traumatol 7, 2013;23: 747-752 doi:10.1007/s00590-012-1079-8. 36. Logterman SL, Wydra FB & Frank RM. Posterior cruciate ligament: anatomy and biomechanics Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 3, 2018;11: 510-514 doi:10.1007/s12178-018-9492-1. 37. Dasari SP, Kerzner B, Fortier LM, Gursoy

cruciate ligament-retaining prosthesis. They found a significant sex difference, where males had a significantly increased risk for failure with cemented fixation compared with females (hazard ratio, 2.48; P =.004). Females demonstrated similar failure rates in both groups.69 With limited evidence of better longevity in a younger population, potentially easier

cruciate ligament (ACL) anatomy, 121, 126–127 injury of, osteoarthritis and, 11 Anterior intercondylar fossa, 119 Anterior knee pain, 134 Anterior-based muscle-sparing approach (ABMS or Rottinger), 221, 224–225, 229t Anteroposterior stability, 126–127 Antibiotics for cemented total hip arthroplasty, 294 for conversion total hip arthroplasty

anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Surgeons should take this into consideration in the case of extensor mechanism incompetence.85 Revision of the patellar

cruciate retaining [CR]) versus posterior stabilized ([PS] implants, cemented versus press-fit systems, patellar resurfacing versus nonresurfacing, robotic and/or computer navigated versus traditional alignment techniques, etc.) exist to improve this 20% dissatisfaction rate. However, that number has remained frustratingly intransigent over several decades. Many arthroplasty specialists now accept that proper