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respiratory depression, disturbances of cranial nerve function, and seizures. Low Apgar scores and metabolic acidosis are associated

respiratory depression, disturbances of cranial nerve function, and seizures. Low Apgar scores and metabolic acidosis are associated

respiratory depression, disturbances of cranial nerve function, and seizures. Low Apgar scores and metabolic acidosis are associated

acidosis, systemic fetal inflammation, respiratory insufficiency, cardiac insufficiency, and conditions that lead to elevated concentrations of inflammation

acidosis Hypercalcemia May be caused by inadequate phosphorus or by heparin use Medications Corticosteroids, methotrexate, anticoagulants, anticonvulsants, or cyclosporine Lifestyle Smoking or inactivity Other Aluminum toxicity Metabolic Complications and Nutrient Issues Metabolic complications are possible while receiving PN and involve imbalances or disturbances in levels of electrolytes, hormones, nutrients

acidosis, systemic fetal inflammation, respiratory insufficiency, cardiac insufficiency, and conditions that lead to elevated concentrations of inflammation

acidosis, systemic fetal inflammation, respiratory insufficiency, cardiac insufficiency, and conditions that lead to elevated concentrations of inflammation

respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis.12 Use of alternative ILE should be considered in patients who are critically ill.5,9,13 Table 3.1 Daily Doses of Different Intravenous Lipid Emulsion Formulas to Prevent Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency9 Intravenous lipid emulsion formulation Dosage to prevent essential fatty acid deficiency

acidosis, and stroke-like episodes MI Myoinositol MODS Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome MOGAD Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated antibody disease MRA Magnetic resonance arteriography MRI Magnetic resonance imaging MRS Magnetic resonance spectroscopy MRV Magnetic resonance venography MTS Mesial temporal sclerosis MTX Methotrexate NAA N-acetylaspartate NIHSS National Institutes of Health

acidosis, and stroke-like episodes MI Myoinositol MODS Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome MOGAD Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated antibody disease MRA Magnetic resonance arteriography MRI Magnetic resonance imaging MRS Magnetic resonance spectroscopy MRV Magnetic resonance venography MTS Mesial temporal sclerosis MTX Methotrexate NAA N-acetylaspartate NIHSS National Institutes of Health