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development. Adolescence With homosexuality gone from the official list of mental disorders, research into the healthy development

development of a research agenda was elaborated by highlighting the differences among LGBT populations and subpopulations. It recommended incorporating four conceptual perspectives as a research framework. They include (1) a minority stress perspective, (2) a life course perspective, (3) an intersectionality of dimensions of identity perspective

Adolescent Psychiatry (Eckstrand & Sciolla, 2014). There is also a lasting destructive legacy from perspectives pathologizing homosexuality that includes a society-wide stigmatization of sexual minorities (Meyer, 2003). In this regard, there is a compelling minority stress model advanced by Meyer (1995, 2003) that considers the excess social stressors related

adolescents (28%–35%) across comparable time periods (Ryan et al., 2001). The transgender population has been included in data showing significant higher LGBT community cigarette smoking rates (32.8%) than those found in the general U.S. adult population (19.5%) and in comparison to heterosexuals (19.5%; Matthews, McConnell, Li, Vargas, & King

Adolescent Psychiatry, 186 American Counseling Association (ACA), 57 American Geriatrics Society, 35 American Medical Association (AMA), 209 American Psychiatric Association (APA), 17, 58–59, 186 American Psychological Association (APA), 186, 222 American Public Health Association (APHA), 250 Annual Program Performance Reports for Centers for Independent Living, 220 Asakura

developed for heterosexual and cisgender populations might be extended to LGBT populations (Harper & Schneider, 2003; Herek, 2010). Increasingly, however, LGBT psychology is defining its agenda as working within, by, and for LGBT communities. Following in directions racial/ethnic minority and women psychologists have taken, LGBT psychology as a field

develop cultural humility—that is, a lifelong process of self-examination for the personal biases and assumptions, with emphasis on providers engaging in a self-critique and identifying the personal factors that may be playing a role in the perpetuation of health disparities. Also, cultural humility includes respecting

developments in LGBT social and community psychology; what has been learned about the experiences of LGBT homeless youth and the services that are helping them; and more in-depth explorations of what has been learned about adapting specific approaches to clinical treatment (cognitive-behavioral therapy; family systems therapy; group

development, as outlined in this chapter, underscores the value in what Greene and Spivey (2017) were noted as asserting early in the chapter—that is, experiences of living at the nexus of multiple identities and multiple systems of oppression, as captured by the concept of intersectionality, can leave sexual

Development, 92, 219–231. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6676.2014.00151.x Benjamin, H. (1964). Nature and management of transsexualism with report on 31 operated cases. Western Journal of Surgical Obstetrics Gynecology, 72, 105–111. Benjamin, H. (1966). The transsexual phenomenon. New York, NY: Julian Press. Benson, K. E. (2013). Seeking support: Transgender client