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cardiac pathologies (including arrhythmias, uncontrolled hypertension, or cardiovascular disease), uncontrolled diabetes, BMI greater 40, renal disease, neurological disorders or history of stroke, or misuse of tobacco and alcohol could all increase the odds of complications. The AAOS strongly recommends discontinuation of nicotine before surgery to decrease

facility may be increased with static spacers.81,82 However, these results come from case series with small numbers of female patients, thus limiting the generalizability of such findings to the female patient.81 The authors’ preference is to use prefabricated articulating spacers made of antibiotic-impregnated PMMA with

facility and are carried out by specialized care teams to produce optimal patient-centered results.58 A Mayo Clinic “before and after” clinical pathway implementation study demonstrated that the use of a clinical pathway was associated with improved outcomes and patient satisfaction while reducing total

facility following TJA, demonstrating increased costs.5 Kohring et al. found that depression was assciated with greater risk of postoperative psychosis, anemia, infection, and pulmonary embolism.7 Another study found that patients diagnosed with depression and on appropriate treatment reported similar patient reported outcomes following TJA compared with controls